HEALTH AND ILLNESS

In this unit, you will study diseases such as infectious, contagious and non-contagious diseases; the causes and the treatment needed; the ways to prevent these diseases.

How can you lead a healthier life? It is very important you adopt healthy eating habits and be aware of the dangers of too many hours spent in front of a screen, nintendo, wifi o ps4. Have a responsible attitude towards your body :)

• Why people are living longer nowadays? Think about things that doctors and hospitals have now that didn´t exist 100 years ago such as wider access to medical treatment, clean drinking water, better sanitation, advances such as x-rays, vaccinations, antibiotics, blood transfusions...
• What is a first aid and what it is used for? Emergency given immediately after an accident.
• What are these things used for? PAINKILLER (to stop pain), THERMOMETER (to measure temperature), EARPLUGS (to protect ears from noise or water), ANTIBIOTICS (to fight infections) X-RAYS (to see inside the body) and HELMET(to protect the skull).
  

Here you have a list of words you must study :)

DISEASES AND ILLNESSES

Your are going to learn about infections and contagious diseases (they are caused by pathogens); how diseases are spread; you will distinguish diseases caused by bacteria and virus. You also will study non-infectious diseases and compare them to infectious diseases.

EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INFECTIOUS AND NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

HOW DO INFECTIOUS DISEASES SPREAD?

10 INGENIOUS WAYS TO FIGHT OFF THE SNIFFIES :)

1. Warm your nose.
2. Don´t shake hands.
3. Wash clothes on a hot cycle.
4. Cut down on sugar.
5. Get eight hours´ sleep.
6. Observe the two-seat rule.
7. Ditch the sanitiser.
8. Wash out your nose with salt water.
9. Exercise moderately.
10. Take vitamin D supplements.

CLICK HERE TO WATCH THE VIDEO 

NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES
They are not caused by organisms, and therefore, cannot be spread from person to person. They are caused by factors such as environment, unhealthy lifestyle, genetics, vitamin deficiency or organ malfunction.
Here you have some of them:

• ALLERGY
• HEART DISEASE
• MENTAL DISEASES
• CANCER
• DIABETES

TIPS TO STAY HEALTHY

1. Eat healthy
2. Do exercise
3. Sleep enough
4. Keep clean
5. Prevention is better than cure
6. Game over!
7. Say no!

SUMMARY

TYPES OF DISEASES

• INFECTIOUS DISEASES (caused by pathogens): tetanus, salmonellosis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, measles, mumps, chickepox, flu, colds. papilloma, AIDS, malaria, salmonella.
• NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASES: allergies, cancer, mental diseases, diabetes, heart disease.

HEALTHY HABITS

• DO´S: healthy diet, exercise, sleep, medical check-ups, cleanliness.
• DON´TS: alcohol, tobacco, excessive use of video games.

SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES

• PREVENTION: vaccination, healthy life style.
• DIAGNOSIS: X-ray, blood and urine tests, electrocardiographs, ultrasound, CT scans and electroenphalographs.
• TREATMENT: antibiotics.
• SURGERY: anaesthesia, microsurgery, keyhole surgery.
• OTHER ADVANCES: blood transfusions, insulin, pacemakers, organ transplant, test-tube babies, cloning and human genome DNA.

I LOVE THIS ADVANCED VOCABULARY COURSE: 

THANK YOU TO MRSKYPELESSONS

1. Advanced vocabulary course: lesson 1  WEB
2. Advanced vocabulary course: lesson 2  WEB
3. Advanced vocabulary course: lesson 3  WEB
4. Advanced vocabulary course: lesson 4  WEB
5. Advanced vocabulary course: lesson 5  WEB
6. Advanced vocabulary course: lesson 6  WEB

AMAZING DICTIONARY

Click here and learn how to pronounce any word   WEB

GREAT WEB TO PREPARE YOUR ENGLISH EXAMS

Click here and learn a lot      WEB

INTERACTION AND THE BODY

Hey Kids, here is your vocabulary list!

Great gift, isn´t it?  ;)

• Cells that carry out the same function group together to form tissue. Muscle tissue, for example, is made up of many muscle cells grouped together (TISSUE).
• Organs that work together forms systems, such as the circulatory system, which is made up of the heart and blood vessels. (ORGAN SYSTEM).
• All living things are made up of tiny units called cells. A cell is the smallest possible living unit. Cells are the building blocks of life. (CELL).
• A group of systems working together form an organism. An organism is a living thing.(ORGANISM).
• Tissues group together to form an organ. Organs, such as the heart, contain different types of tissue which work together to perform a particular function. (ORGAN).

After listening the recording about human body systems and their functions, you have those sentences (the solutions are in capital letters) :)

• The process of breaking down food is called DIGESTION.
• Excretion is carried out by EXCRETORY and also SWEAT GLANDS.
• The respiration system carries out RESPIRATION.
• The circulatory system consists of HEART, BLOOD VESSELS, BLOOD.
• The heart is an organ that PUMPS BLOOD AROUND THE BODY.
• Human reproduction is SEXUAL.

Now, let´s study how the nervous system and the five senses help us interact with the environment...in another post...not today! :)

ARE YOU TAKING THE IELTS OR TOEFL EXAMS 
in writing or speaking?

CLICK HERE AND GO FOR IT       WEB

IF YOU CAN´T FIND A WORD, TRY WITH THIS URBAN DICTIONARY

CLICK HERE AND ENJOY IT       WEB

SOME IDIOMS

THE ANIMAL KINGDOM

¡Hola chicos!

En este nuevo tema de Science, vamos a ver los vertebrados e invertebrados: los mamíferos, reptiles, anfibios, peces, artrópodos y moluscos. Es un tema del que sabéis mucho porque os gustan mucho los animales. Os propongo un juego para ver cuánto sabéis. Clica aquí y juega    WEB

The animal kingdom is divided into two groups: VERTEBRATES and INVERTEBRATES. Vertebrates have a backbone and invertebrates do not.   ¿Sabéis rellenar las palabras que faltan?

MAMMALS are viviparous. They have hair or fur. They can be herbivores, carnivores or omnivores. Mammals live in different habitats and can move in different ways.

¿Jugamos un poco, eres capaz de encontrar todas las parejas de mamíferos?  WEB

BIRDS have feathers, wings, two legs and a beak. Birds are oviparous. They lay eggs with hard shells: they live in different habitats. Most birds can fly.

¿Sabrías colocar cada una de las palabras donde corresponde? ¡Seguro que sí!

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REPTILES lay hard eggs on land. They breathe with lungs and have scales. AMPHIBIANS lay soft eggs in water. At first they breathe with gills, then develop lungs when they are adults. They have moist skin.

Os dejo un juego muy divertido, ¡descubrid qué anfibio o reptil es! :) Clica aquí  WEB

FISH have scales and fins. They breathe with gills. They live in rivers, lakes and oceans. They lay soft eggs in water. Fish eat plankton, insects, other fish and water plants. Repasa las partes del pez.

Ahora os voy a poner un par de trampas, Hay dos que no son peces, ¿sabes cuáles? :)

ARTHROPODS are invertebrates. They have a segmented body and limbs with joints. Many have antennae. They have external armour that protects their bodies called an exoskeleton.

MOLLUSCS are invertebrates.They have a soft body and some have a shell. Many have tentacles.They live in water or moist places.

OTRO NUEVO TEMA:  HOW MY BODY WORKS

Our EYES, EARS, NOSE, TONGUE and SKIN collect information and send it to our BRAIN. Our brain helps us to understand the world around us.

¿Quién de vosotros se atreve a hacer algún experiemento de estos? ¡Siempre con los papis!  WEB

• Our body needs oxygen. Oxygen comes from the air we breathe into our lungs. Our heart pumps the oxygen around the rest of the body in our blood.
• Our body needs food to grow, be active and stay healthy. Our digestive system breaks down the food and absorbs its nutrients. Nutrients travel to the rest of our body in our bloodstream.
• Our skeleton is made up of many bones. It supports our body. As we grow, our bones grow too. Our skeleton protects organs such as our brain, heart and lungs.

Os dejo el juego resuelto. Estudia las partes y dale a WEB. Ahora tienes que colocarlo tú, ¿vale?

Mira este vídeo y aprende mucho más     WEB

¿Cuántas palabras eres capaz de encontrar?

¿Sabes su significado?  WEB

¿Os atrevéis a hacer este test? ¡Pedid ayuda si la necesitáis, es un pelín difícil!   WEB

¿Repasamos las partes del digestive system? ¡Qué mejor manera que con estos dibujos!  WEB

¿Eres capaz de colocarlo perfectamente? ¡Seguro que sí!  Pincha aquí    WEB

¡Mira esta aplicación, no habrás encontrado otra igual!    WEB

¡Colócalos todos perfectamente!   WEB

• Muscles help move our bones. All our bones have muscles connected to them. Muscles work in pairs to pull the bones.
• Our biceps muscle contracts (get shorter and fatter) and pulls up our arm.
• Our biceps muscle relaxes.
• Our triceps muscle relaxes (gets longer and tinner).
• Our triceps muscle contracts and pulls down our arm.

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

¡Hola campeones!

Habéis empezado un nuevo tema y es uno de los que más me gusta. Espero que a vosotros también.

The Sun is a star and it is at the centre of the Solar System. There are 8 planets in the Solar System. All the planets move around the Sun. This movement is called Revolution.

¡Escuchad esta canción, es muy bonita! Pincha aquí para verla      WEB

¡Aquí los tenéis! ¿Os lo sabéis en orden? ¡Seguro que sí!

• The Sun is a star.
• The Earth is a planet.
• We live on the Earth.
• The planets move around the Sun.
• The Sun is at the centre of the Solar System.

The Earth takes 365 days, or one year, to complete one revolution around the Sun. Mercury, the closest planet to the Sun, takes only 88 days.

A satellite is an object that moves around a planet or a star. The Moon is a satillate because it moves around the Earth. The Sun lights up the Moon, which looks as if it is changing shape. These different shapes are called the phases of the Moon.

¡Os dejo un vídeo para que repaséis las fases de la Luna. Sólo estudiad: new moon, first quarter, third quarter and full moon...y el que quiera que se estudie las otras! :)   WEB

¡Mirad este vídeo! Con él comprenderéis muy bien el movimiento de rotación y por qué ocurre el día y la noche. Pincha aquí para verlo      WEB

The Earth is always turning on its axis. This movement is called ROTATION and is the reason we have DAY AND NIGHT. On the side of the Earth facing the Sun it is day and on the other side it is night.

¿Qué sabéis de las estaciones? ¡Mirad este vídeo!    WEB

OS DEJO UN RESUMEN DEL TEMA 1

HOW ARE LIVING THINGS CLASSIFIED?

• PLANT KINGDOM

Plants are multicellular. They make their own food through a process called photosynthesis. During the photosynthesis, plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

• PROTIST KINGDOM

Protists are usually unicellular, but some are multicellular. Most protists are found in water. The AMOEBA is an unicellular protist, which takes in its food by absorbing it throught the cell membrane. ALGAE are protists that can be unicellular or multicellular. They also make their own food through photosynthesis.

• MONERA KINGDOM

All organisms in this kingdom are unicellular. They can be found on land, in the air, in water and inside other living things. BACTERIA belong to the Monera Kingdom. We use some bacteria to make food, such as cheese and yoghurt. Some bacteria feed on dead plants and animals.

• ANIMAL KINGDOM

Animals are multicellular. They can´t make their own food, so they get the energy they need to survive by feeding on other living things. Most animals have the ability to move.

• FUNGUS KINGDOM

Fungi can be unicellular or multicellular. Fungi can´t make their own food. They obtain the nutrients they need from the remains of dead plants and animals.